# Sys-Metrics — Full Algorithmic & Architectural Documentation (llms-full.txt)
> Complete technical reference, algorithmic formulas, data structures, and specifications for all 22 Sys-Metrics tools.
> Designed for ingestion by Generative AI engines, LLM agents, and developer assistants.

- **Canonical URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/
- **Architect & Lead Developer:** Mujtaba (Portfolio: https://mujtaba.sys-metrics.com | Email: contact@sys-metrics.com)
- **Architecture:** Zero-login, 100% client-side Web Standards (HTML5 / Vanilla ES2024 / CSS3 Custom Properties / Web Crypto API / Web Speech API).
- **Privacy Standard:** Zero telemetry, zero server-side transmission of user payloads, zero persistent tracking cookies.

---

## 1. IPv4 CIDR & Subnet Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/subnet-calculator
- **Standards:** RFC 791 (IPv4), RFC 1519 (CIDR), RFC 1918 (Private Address Allocations).
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Total Addresses: `2^(32 - prefix_length)`
  - Usable Host Addresses: `(2^(32 - prefix_length)) - 2` (for prefixes /1 through /30).
  - Exception /31: 2 usable hosts per RFC 3021 (Point-to-Point links without broadcast).
  - Exception /32: 1 host (single host route, loopback).
  - Subnet Mask (32-bit integer): `((0xFFFFFFFF << (32 - prefix)) & 0xFFFFFFFF) >>> 0`
  - Wildcard Mask: `~SubnetMask & 0xFFFFFFFF`
  - Network Address: `IP_int & SubnetMask`
  - Broadcast Address: `Network_int | Wildcard_int`
  - First Usable Host: `Network_int + 1`
  - Last Usable Host: `Broadcast_int - 1`
- **RFC 1918 Private Ranges:**
  - 10.0.0.0/8 (10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255)
  - 172.16.0.0/12 (172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255)
  - 192.168.0.0/16 (192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255)

---

## 2. Uptime SLA & Downtime Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/uptime-sla-calculator
- **Standard Reference:** Google SRE Error Budget Framework.
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Unavailability Ratio: `U = (100 - AvailabilityPercentage) / 100`
  - Daily Allowed Downtime: `U * 86,400 seconds`
  - Weekly Allowed Downtime: `U * 604,800 seconds`
  - Monthly Allowed Downtime (30.4375 days avg): `U * 2,629,800 seconds`
  - Quarterly Allowed Downtime: `U * 7,889,400 seconds`
  - Annual Allowed Downtime (365.25 days): `U * 31,557,600 seconds`
- **Common Reference Targets (The "Nines"):**
  - 99.0% (Two Nines): Daily: 14m 24s | Monthly: 7h 18m | Annual: 3d 15h 39m
  - 99.9% (Three Nines): Daily: 1m 26.4s | Monthly: 43m 49s | Annual: 8h 45m 57s
  - 99.95%: Daily: 43.2s | Monthly: 21m 54s | Annual: 4h 22m 58s
  - 99.99% (Four Nines): Daily: 8.64s | Monthly: 4m 22s | Annual: 52m 35s
  - 99.999% (Five Nines): Daily: 0.86s | Monthly: 26.3s | Annual: 5m 15s

---

## 3. Data Transfer Time & Bandwidth Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/bandwidth-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - `Bits = FileSizeBytes * 8`
  - `EffectiveSpeedBps = AdvertisedSpeedBps * (1 - ProtocolOverheadFraction)`
  - Standard TCP/IP protocol overhead: ~5% (default multiplier 1.05)
  - `DurationSeconds = Bits / EffectiveSpeedBps`
- **Units Conversion:**
  - 1 Byte = 8 bits
  - 1 KB = 1,000 Bytes | 1 KiB = 1,024 Bytes
  - 1 MB = 1,000,000 Bytes | 1 MiB = 1,048,576 Bytes
  - 1 GB = 1,000,000,000 Bytes | 1 GiB = 1,073,741,824 Bytes
  - 1 TB = 1,000,000,000,000 Bytes | 1 TiB = 1,099,511,627,776 Bytes

---

## 4. RAID Storage & Redundancy Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/raid-calculator
- **Where N = Number of Drives, S = Smallest Single Drive Capacity:**
  - RAID 0 (Striping): Usable = `N * S`, Fault Tolerance = 0 drives, Parity = 0%
  - RAID 1 (Mirroring): Usable = `S`, Fault Tolerance = `N - 1` drives, Parity/Protection = `(N - 1) * S`
  - RAID 5 (Single Parity Striping): Min 3 drives. Usable = `(N - 1) * S`, Fault Tolerance = 1 drive, Parity = `1 * S`
  - RAID 6 (Dual Distributed Parity): Min 4 drives. Usable = `(N - 2) * S`, Fault Tolerance = 2 drives, Parity = `2 * S`
  - RAID 10 (1+0 Striped Mirrors): Min 4 drives (even count). Usable = `(N / 2) * S`, Fault Tolerance = 1 drive per mirrored pair (up to N/2 drives), Parity = 50%
  - RAID 50 (Striped RAID 5 sets): Min 6 drives. Usable = `(N - Sets) * S`, Fault Tolerance = 1 drive per sub-array.
  - RAID 60 (Striped RAID 6 sets): Min 8 drives. Usable = `(N - (2 * Sets)) * S`, Fault Tolerance = 2 drives per sub-array.

---

## 5. Storage Units Decimal vs. Binary Converter
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/storage-converter
- **Standards:** SI Decimal (powers of 10) vs IEC Binary (powers of 2, IEEE 1541).
- **Core Formula:**
  - `DriveCapacityDecimal = N * (10^12) Bytes` (for N Terabytes)
  - `DriveCapacityBinaryGiB = DriveCapacityDecimal / (1024^3)`
  - `DriveCapacityBinaryTiB = DriveCapacityDecimal / (1024^4)`
  - Exact Explanation of "Missing Space": A 1 TB drive has 1,000,000,000,000 bytes. Divided by 1,024^3 bytes/GiB equals exactly ~931.32 GiB. Operating systems displaying "GB" while computing in GiB cause this difference.

---

## 6. Linux Chmod Permissions Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/chmod-calculator
- **Standards:** POSIX standard file permissions.
- **Bitwise Mapping:**
  - Read (r) = 4 (Binary 100)
  - Write (w) = 2 (Binary 010)
  - Execute (x) = 1 (Binary 001)
- **Triplet Construction:**
  - User / Owner: `(r * 4) + (w * 2) + (x * 1)`
  - Group: `(r * 4) + (w * 2) + (x * 1)`
  - Others: `(r * 4) + (w * 2) + (x * 1)`
- **Special Bits:**
  - SetUID = 4000
  - SetGID = 2000
  - Sticky Bit = 1000

---

## 7. Custom QR Code Generator & Designer
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/qr-code-generator
- **Payload Standards:**
  - Wi-Fi Schema: `WIFI:S:<SSID>;T:<WPA|WEP|nopass>;P:<PASSWORD>;H:<true|false>;;`
  - vCard 3.0 Schema:
    ```
    BEGIN:VCARD
    VERSION:3.0
    N:<LastName>;<FirstName>
    FN:<FirstName> <LastName>
    ORG:<Company>
    TITLE:<JobTitle>
    TEL;TYPE=WORK,VOICE:<Phone>
    EMAIL;TYPE=PREF,INTERNET:<Email>
    URL:<Website>
    END:VCARD
    ```
  - Mailto Schema: `mailto:<email>?subject=<subject>&body=<body>`
  - SMS Schema: `smsto:<number>:<message>`
  - Phone Dial Schema: `tel:<number>`
- **Export Standards:** Vector SVG (infinite resolution XML) and high-density PNG.

---

## 8. cURL to Code Converter
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/curl-converter
- **Parsing Algorithm:**
  - Tokenizes raw shell cURL flags (`-X`, `--request`, `-H`, `--header`, `-d`, `--data`, `--data-raw`, `-u`, `--user`, `-b`, `--cookie`, `--compressed`, `-k`, `--insecure`).
  - Synthesizes clean, idiomatic code for:
    - Python `requests` & `httpx`
    - JavaScript Browser `fetch()` & Node.js `axios`
    - Go `net/http` with context
    - PHP `curl_init()` & `curl_setopt_array()`

---

## 9. YAML ↔ JSON Converter & Validator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/yaml-json-converter
- **Parsing Standard:** YAML 1.2 and RFC 8259 JSON.
- **Features:** Two-way parsing, auto-indentation (2 or 4 spaces), syntax error line pinpointing, Kubernetes and Docker Compose manifest validation.

---

## 10. Net Salary & Payroll Calculator (HR)
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/salary-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - `GrossPay = BasicSalary + HousingAllowance + TransportAllowance + OtherAllowances`
  - `AnnualGross = GrossPay * 12`
  - `IncomeTax = CalculateBracketedTax(AnnualGross, TaxBrackets)`
  - `SocialSecurity = GrossPay * SocialSecurityEmployeePercentage`
  - `NetTakeHome = GrossPay - (IncomeTax / 12) - SocialSecurity - OtherDeductions`

---

## 11. End of Service Gratuity Calculator (Severance / EOSB)
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/gratuity-calculator
- **Standard Labor Law Model:**
  - Qualifying Period: Continuous service of at least 1 year (365 days).
  - Years 1 through 5: 21 days of Basic Salary per continuous year.
  - Years Beyond 5: 30 days of Basic Salary per additional year.
  - Daily Basic Salary = `BasicSalary / 30` (or `BasicSalary * 12 / 365`).
  - Statutory Cap: Total severance payment cannot exceed 2 full years of Basic Salary (`BasicSalary * 24`).
  - Resignation Pro-Rata Multipliers (Limited vs Unlimited Contracts):
    - 1 to 3 years: 1/3 entitlement on resignation (unlimited contract).
    - 3 to 5 years: 2/3 entitlement on resignation.
    - 5+ years: Full 100% entitlement.

---

## 12. Invoice & VAT Tax Generator (Finance)
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/invoice-generator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Line Item Total: `Quantity * UnitPrice`
  - Subtotal: `Sum(LineItemTotals)`
  - Discounted Base: `Subtotal - DiscountAmount` (or `Subtotal * (1 - DiscountPercent)`)
  - Tax / VAT Amount: `DiscountedBase * (TaxRatePercent / 100)`
  - Grand Total: `DiscountedBase + TaxAmount`
- **Output:** Clean printable PDF receipt layout with dynamic currency formatting.

---

## 13. Password & Secret Entropy Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/password-entropy-calculator
- **Core Formula:**
  - `E = L * log2(R)`
  - Where `L` = Password Length, `R` = Size of Character Pool.
  - Character Pool Sizes:
    - Lowercase only (a-z): 26
    - Mixed case (a-z, A-Z): 52
    - Alphanumeric (a-z, A-Z, 0-9): 62
    - Full printable ASCII (including symbols): 94
- **Security Classifications:**
  - < 28 bits: Very Weak (cracked instantaneously)
  - 28 to 35 bits: Weak (minutes to crack)
  - 36 to 59 bits: Moderate (days to crack)
  - 60 to 79 bits: Strong (years to crack against online brute-force)
  - 80+ bits: Very Strong / Military Grade (centuries against offline GPU hashcat clusters)

---

## 14. Server Power & Electricity Cost Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/server-power-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - `DailyKWh = (TotalWattsPull * 24 * PUE) / 1000`
  - `MonthlyKWh = DailyKWh * 30.4375`
  - `AnnualKWh = DailyKWh * 365.25`
  - `Cost = KWh * CostPerKWh`

---

## 15. Unix Cron Schedule Expression Builder
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/cron-generator
- **Structure:** 5 fields `minute hour day-of-month month day-of-week`
- **Supported Special Characters:** `*` (any value), `,` (value list), `-` (range), `/` (step values).

---

## 16. Unix Epoch Timestamp Converter
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/epoch-converter
- **Standard:** POSIX Time (Seconds elapsed since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z, excluding leap seconds).
- **Conversions:** Milliseconds `Date.now()`, Unix Seconds `Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)`, ISO 8601 formatting.

---

## 17. Live DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) Lookup
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/dns-lookup
- **Standards:** RFC 8484 (DNS Queries over HTTPS).
- **Supported Query Records:** A (IPv4), AAAA (IPv6), MX (Mail Exchange), TXT (SPF/DKIM/verification), CNAME (Canonical Name), NS (Authoritative Nameservers), SOA (Start of Authority).

---

## 18. JWT Token Decoder & Inspector
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/jwt-decoder
- **Standard:** RFC 7519 JSON Web Token.
- **Structure:** `Base64URL(Header) . Base64URL(Payload) . Base64URL(Signature)`
- **Parsed Claims:** `iss` (issuer), `sub` (subject), `aud` (audience), `exp` (expiration timestamp), `nbf` (not before), `iat` (issued at).

---

## 19. Bulk UUID / GUID Generator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/uuid-generator
- **Standards:** RFC 4122 (UUIDv4) and RFC 9562 (UUIDv7).
- **UUIDv4:** 122 bits of cryptographic pseudo-randomness via `crypto.getRandomValues()`.
- **UUIDv7:** 48 bits of Unix millisecond epoch timestamp + 74 bits of random entropy, preserving database B-Tree index locality.

---

## 20. Natural Language Translator & Humanizer
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/human-translator
- **Capabilities:** Strips robotic/AI phrasing into natural spoken human cadence.
- **Multilingual Support:** English, Urdu (`ur-PK`), Arabic (`ar-SA`), Spanish, French, German, Chinese, Japanese, Hindi, Portuguese, Russian, Italian, Turkish, Bengali, Indonesian, Korean, Dutch, Vietnamese, Persian, Tagalog.
- **Audio Output:** Web Speech API synthesis with regional voice accents.

---

## 21. Client-Side JSON Formatter & Validator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/json-tools
- **Features:** Format, indent, beautify, minify, and lint JSON with zero data transmission.

---

## 22. Cryptographic Hash & Base64 Tools
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/base64-hash-tools
- **Standards:** SHA-256 (FIPS 180-4), SHA-512, MD5, RFC 4648 Base64.
- **Implementation:** Web Crypto API (`crypto.subtle.digest`) running 100% in hardware client-side.

---

## Technical Contact & Verification
- Lead Developer: Mujtaba
- Portfolio: https://mujtaba.sys-metrics.com
- Support: contact@sys-metrics.com
- Main Site: https://www.sys-metrics.com

---

## 23. LLM API Pricing & Token Cost Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/llm-pricing-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Token Unit: 1 Million Tokens (1M)
  - Cost per Request: `((PromptTokens / 1,000,000) * InputPrice) + ((CompletionTokens / 1,000,000) * OutputPrice)`
  - Prompt Caching Discount: ~50% reduction on InputPrice for cached prefix tokens.
  - Batch API Processing: 50% discount on total invocation expense.
  - Monthly Spend: `CostPerRequest * DailyRequests * 30`
- **Pricing References (per 1M tokens):**
  - OpenAI GPT-4o: $2.50 Input / $10.00 Output
  - OpenAI GPT-4o-mini: $0.15 Input / $0.60 Output
  - Anthropic Claude 3.5 Sonnet: $3.00 Input / $15.00 Output
  - Google Gemini 2.0 Flash: $0.10 Input / $0.40 Output
  - DeepSeek V3: $0.14 Input / $0.28 Output

---

## 24. Cloud Egress & Data Transfer Cost Estimator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/cloud-egress-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Standard Internet Egress: First 100 GB/month free; $0.085–$0.09/GB for the first 10 TB; $0.08–$0.085/GB for next 40 TB.
  - Inter-Region / Multi-Cloud Transfer: ~$0.02/GB across major hyperscalers.
  - Cross-Availability Zone (AZ) Transfer: ~$0.01/GB each way (inbound and outbound).
  - Zero-Egress Economics: Cloudflare R2 charges $0.00/GB for data transfer out.

---

## 25. 1099 vs W-2 Tax & Contractor Rate Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/contractor-rate-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Billable Weeks: `52 - (UnpaidPtoDays / 5)`
  - Annual Billable Hours (40h/wk): `BillableWeeks * 40`
  - Self-Employment Tax (SECA/FICA): `15.3%` (12.4% Social Security up to wage base cap + 2.9% Medicare).
  - Target 1099 Hourly Rate: `(W2_Salary * 1.0765 + AnnualHealthAndPerks + BusinessOverhead) / BillableHours`

---

## 26. Interactive Regex Tester & Debugger
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/regex-tester
- **Engine:** Client-side native ECMAScript RegExp with flags (`g`, `i`, `m`, `s`, `u`).
- **Standard Presets:**
  - IPv4: `\b(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\b`
  - Email: `([a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+)@([a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,})`
  - UUID v4: `[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}`

---

## 27. Database IOPS & Storage Throughput Calculator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/iops-calculator
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Throughput (MB/s): `(IOPS * BlockSizeKB) / 1024`
  - RAID Write Penalty Factors:
    - RAID 0: 1 (No parity/mirroring penalty)
    - RAID 1 / RAID 10: 2 (1 write + 1 mirror write)
    - RAID 5: 4 (2 reads + 2 writes for parity update)
    - RAID 6: 6 (3 reads + 3 writes for dual parity)
  - Raw Backend Disk IOPS: `(IOPS * ReadFraction) + (IOPS * WriteFraction * PenaltyFactor)`

---

## 28. Content Security Policy (CSP) & Security Headers Generator
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/security-headers-generator
- **Directives:**
  - `Content-Security-Policy`: Restricts scripts, styles, fonts, and frame-ancestors.
  - `Strict-Transport-Security`: `max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload`
  - `X-Content-Type-Options`: `nosniff`
  - `X-Frame-Options`: `SAMEORIGIN` or `DENY`
  - `Referrer-Policy`: `strict-origin-when-cross-origin`

---

## 29. IPv6 CIDR Subnet Calculator & Address Expander
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/ipv6-subnet-calculator
- **Standards:** RFC 8200 (IPv6 Specification), RFC 4291 (IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture), RFC 5952 (A Recommendation for IPv6 Text Representation).
- **Core Formulas:**
  - Total Addresses: `2^(128 - PrefixLength)`
  - Total /64 Subnets Contained: `2^(64 - PrefixLength)` (for prefixes <= 64).
  - SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration): Requires exact `/64` subnet prefix.
  - Zero-Compression: Consecutive 16-bit blocks of `0000` replaced with `::` once per address.

---

## 30. MAC Address & Hardware OUI Lookup
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/mac-lookup
- **Standards:** IEEE 802-2014 Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks.
- **Bitwise Layout:**
  - Bytes 0–2 (First 24 bits): IEEE Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI).
  - Bytes 3–5 (Last 24 bits): Network Interface Controller (NIC) device ID.
  - Bit 0 of Byte 0: 0 = Unicast, 1 = Multicast.
  - Bit 1 of Byte 0: 0 = Universally Administered (OUI enforced), 1 = Locally Administered (Randomized MAC).

---

## 31. Network Port Reference & Protocol Directory
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/port-reference
- **Standards:** RFC 6335 (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority Port Number Procedures).
- **IANA Port Ranges:**
  - Well-Known Ports: `0 – 1023` (Root / System Privileged)
  - Registered Ports: `1024 – 49151` (User Services & Databases)
  - Dynamic / Ephemeral Ports: `49152 – 65535` (Outbound Client Sockets)

---

## 32. Syslog Message Generator & RFC 5424 Parser
- **URL:** https://www.sys-metrics.com/syslog-generator
- **Standards:** RFC 5424 (The Syslog Protocol), RFC 3164 (The BSD Syslog Protocol).
- **PRI Calculation Formula:**
  - `PRI = (Facility * 8) + Severity`
  - Encoded in header as `<PRI>` (e.g. Facility 16 local0 + Severity 3 Error = `<131>`).
  - Standard Transport: UDP 514 (unencrypted) or TCP 6514 (TLS).